Metz M, Kolkhir P, Altrichter S, Siebenhaar F, Levi-Schaffer F, Youngblood BA, et al
Therapeutic modulation of this balance is emerging: for example, overexpression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) shifts microglia toward the protective M2 phenotype, reducing dopaminergic neurodegeneration
Initially, ischemia causes ATP depletion, anaerobic metabolism, and intracellular acidosis, resulting in impaired ion pumps and calcium overload 1,2,3
as of last year, 81% of the new compounders had not yet been inspected by FDA staff
doi: 10.1083/jcb.200312135 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention