As the droplet moves, the color variation and the associated shadow create varying light intensities, detectable by the array of sensors
This is a simplified explanation, since the actual process is more complex, but it captures the core mechanism
Please take a look at yet another study (L-Carnitine in the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis) ( this a case where the substance (LCar) itself is beneficial, but the by-products of its beakdown by gut flora are not
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor therapies for the treatment of obesity, do agonists=antagonists
Some side effects you may experience are redness and swelling at the injection site, as well as lightheadedness, dizziness, and headaches