TB-500 and Thymosin Beta-4 are also prohibited by WADA/USADA under S2 (Peptide Hormones, Growth Factors, Related Substances and Mimetics), applicable at all times both in-competition and out-of-competition TB-500 / Thymosin Beta-4 Clinical Trials: The RGN-352 and RGN-259 Programs RegeneRx Biopharmaceuticals has pursued two clinical development programs for Thymosin Beta-4, providing the most substantial human clinical data available for any TB-500-related compound: RGN-352 (Injectable Thymosin Beta-4 for Cardiac Repair): Phase 1 trial (completed): A double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled 40 healthy volunteers across four cohorts of 10 subjects each, testing escalating dose levels of intravenous Thymosin Beta-4 administered daily over 14 days
When administered on its own, it's available as tablets, a nasal spray, or an injection
Every efficacy study (obesity, liver, muscle) used subcutaneous dosing, so injection is the route with the animal evidence behind it
Whilst extremely rare, anaphylaxis to B12 preparations has been documented
Peptides studied in muscle-growth contexts typically influence signaling pathways such as growth hormone release, protein synthesis, or tissue regeneration