Compared with healthy controls, these individuals had higher levels of glutamate and dopamine in the basal ganglia and lower levels of glutamate, GABA, and dopamine in cortical regions, especially in the frontal cortex
This process not only supports fat metabolism but also helps generate ATP, the body's primary energy source, potentially improving physical performance and recovery
published a 2025 systematic review on BPC-157 in orthopedic sports medicine (HSS Journal)
I also see patients unintentionally overcorrect by reaching for aggressive exfoliants or high-strength actives too quickly, which can further disrupt the barrier. Topically, Puza recommends switching to a ceramide-rich moisturizer applied in the morning and at night, not just when the skin feels dry
Ophthalmology Retina 2(1):3845 Jensen NJ, Wodschow HZ, Nilsson M, Rungby J (2020) Effects of ketone bodies on brain metabolism and function in neurodegenerative diseases