When a tissue is damaged, cells need to move into the area, new cells need to be created, and they need to differentiate into the correct type of tissue (like muscle or skin)
doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002060 55 BrownEHeerspinkHJLCuthbertsonDJWildingJPH
Most of these involve the stifle (knee) joint, where the cranial cruciate ligament, menisci, and articular cartilage work together and where the majority of canine orthopedic injuries occur: Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease: The canine equivalent of human ACL tears, extremely common in medium to large breeds
Using them together enhances the overall effect
However, results vary depending on your individual metabolism, consistency, physical activity, and adherence to nutritional recommendations