Not bactericidal, which kills bacteria
Ortuno Macias LE, Jimenez-Angeles F, Marmorstein JG, Wang Y, Crane SA, K TS, Sun P, Sapkota B, Hummingbird E, Jung W, Qiao B, Lee D, Dmochowski IJ, Messinger RJ, Schlossman ML, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Radhakrishnan R, Petersson EJ, Olvera de la Cruz M, Bu W, Bera M, Lin B, Tu RS, Stebe KJ, Maldarelli C (2024) Lanthanide binding peptide surfactants at air-aqueous interfaces for interfacial separation of rare earth elements
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Gastrointestinal surgery: Individuals who have undergone gastrointestinal surgeries, such as weight loss surgery or surgeries to remove parts of the stomach or intestine, may experience reduced vitamin B12 absorption
Precautions a person may need to take after receiving a B12 injection may depend on which side effects they experience